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1.
Rev. chil. neuropsicol. (En línea) ; 16(1): 11-16, ene. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362017

ABSTRACT

Las cardiopatías congénitas se consideran una de las anomalías que alteran la irrigación y el intercambio de oxigenación adecuado a las principales venas y arterias. Esto puede generar consecuencias en el desarrollo neurológico que se puede traducir en retraso psicomotor, déficits de aprendizaje, dificultades académicas y problemas de integración social. Para mejorar los trastornos cognitivos, se propone la habilitación cognitiva basada en los principios de mecánica y robótica de LEGO® Education. El objetivo de este estudio fue medir el efecto de un programa de intervención, basado en el uso de ensamblado y programación robótica con LEGO® Education, sobre las funciones frontales básicas como primera aproximación a un modelo propuesto en pacientes cardiópatas congénitos que han sido sometidos a cirugía cardiovascular. Se trató de un estudio de serie de casos, en el que finalizaron el tratamiento una niña y dos niños con cardiopatías congénitas con RACHS 2 y 3. Se aplicaron sub-escalas BANFE-2 y el cuestionario neuropsicológico de daño frontal antes y después del tratamiento; así como una escala para medir el nivel de ejecución por intervención, durante las ocho sesiones. Los resultados muestran en la escala BANFE2, cambios en las medias de las funciones frontales básicas, de daño leve-moderado y normal a normal alto, principalmente en memoria de trabajo y fluidez verbal. En esta primera aproximación, el método LEGO® Education mostró ser una buena herramienta para la habilitación neuropsicológica de estos pacientes.


Congenital heart diseases are considered to be an anomaly which alter the irrigation and the adequate exchange of oxygenation to the main veins and arteries. They can have neurodevelopmental consequences that could translate into psychomotor retardation, learning deficits, academic difficulties, and social integration problems. Cognitive empowerment based on the mechanics and robotics principles of LEGO® Education is proposed to improve cognitive disorders. In this study, the objective was to measure the effect of an intervention program, based on the use of assembly and robotic programming with LEGO® Education, upon basic frontal functions as a first approach to a proposed model in congenital heart disease patients who have undergone cardiovascular surgery. This was a case-series study, in which a girl and two boys with congenital heart disease with RACHS 2 and 3, completed the treatment. BANFE-2 subscales and the neuropsychological questionnaire of frontal damage were applied before and after the treatment; as well as a scale to measure the level of performance per intervention, through all the eight sessions. The BANFE-2 scale showed changes in the means of frontal functions, from mild-moderate damage and normal to high normal, mainly in working memory and verbal fluency. In this first approach, LEGO® Education method proved to be a useful tool for the neuropsychological empowerment of these patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Robotics , Cognition Disorders/rehabilitation , Heart Defects, Congenital/rehabilitation , Mechanics , Frontal Lobe/physiology , Learning
4.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 34(3): 222-229, 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-775493

ABSTRACT

Debido a los avances en las técnicas diagnósticas y resultados operatorios, los niños con cardiopatías congénitas (CC) tienen hoy mayor expectativa de vida. Nuestro hospital - un Centro de Referencia Nacional para la tratamiento de las CC en menores de 15 años -, ha reportado una disminución significativa de la mortalidad operatoria desde un 8,1% a un 4,7% entre 2000 y 2010, pero ello no se ha acompañado de mejoría importante de la calidad de vida. La falta de programas de actividad física y participación social, puede ser un factor importante en la limitación de la calidad de vida. La evidencia existente describe que la medida referida produce mejorías en el consumo de oxígeno peak (VO2peak), tolerancia al esfuerzo físico y menores tasas de re hospitalización. En el presente artículo se revisan los métodos de evaluación de la condición física en la edad pediátrica, la evidencia actual de los programas de rehabilitación cardiovascular pediátrica y recomendaciones de actividad física en niños portadores de CC.


Due to advances in diagnostic procedures and surgi-cal results life expectancy of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) has increased significantly. In our hospital- a national reference center- operative mortality has decreased from 8.1% in 2000 to 4.7% in 2010. However, quality of life of these children has not improved accordingly. A significant factor which may account for this effect is the absence of physical activity and rehabilitation programs. Existing evidence points out to an increase in peak oxygen consumption, tolerance to physical exertion and a lower rate of re-hospitalizations. Herein we review methods to evaluate physical condition in children, the current evidence supporting rehabilitation programs and the recommen-dations for physical activity in children with CHD.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Exercise/physiology , Heart Defects, Congenital/physiopathology , Heart Defects, Congenital/rehabilitation , Exercise Test , Exercise Therapy
5.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-162163

ABSTRACT

In Fontan patients, reduced exercise capacity due to diminished cardiac output is a common finding with important prognostic implications. Beneficial effects have been shown for sildenafil treatment and regular exercise, but data comparing both strategies is scarce. We report on a female patient with Fontan circulation who underwent repeated cardiopulmonary exercise tests with either placebo or a single dose of 50mg sildenafil before and after 6months of supervised aerobic and resistance exercise. At baseline, V O2peak was 29.1ml/min/kg, and a marked increase to 32.8ml/min/kg was observed after administration of sildenafil. After the training period, V O2peak was 34.5ml/kg/min in the placebo test, and no further increase by sildenafil was possible (33.7ml/kg/min). Similar results were observed for exercise capacity at the ventilatory anaerobic threshold. In summary, this Fontan patient showed that regular exercise might use up and probably exceed the acute sildenafil effects on exercise capacity. Exercise should be considered as a primary treatment strategy within secondary prevention and rehabilitation after the Fontan procedure.


Subject(s)
Exercise Tolerance/drug effects , Female , Fontan Procedure/methods , Heart Defects, Congenital/drug therapy , Heart Defects, Congenital/epidemiology , Heart Defects, Congenital/rehabilitation , Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery , Heart Ventricles/abnormalities , Heart Ventricles/surgery , Humans , Piperazines/administration & dosage , Purines/administration & dosage , Sulfonamides/administration & dosage , Young Adult
7.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 29(2): 241-248, Apr-Jun/2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-719425

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar a evolução pôndero-estatural de crianças com cardiopatias congênitas submetidas a tratamento cirúrgico com intuito de determinar quando atingem o limiar de desenvolvimento normal e se há diferenças entre pacientes com padrão de desenvolvimento abaixo do patamar da normalidade no pré-operatório (z-score<-2 para o parâmetro analisado) em relação ao grupo total de cardiopatas. Métodos: Acompanhamento prospectivamente de 27 crianças submetidas à operação em cinco períodos: pré-operatório e em quatro subsequentes retornos ambulatoriais: 1º mês, 3º mês, 6º mês e 12º mês após a alta hospitalar. Os parâmetros antropométricos usados foram a média do z-score (Zm) do peso (ZmP/I), da altura (ZmA/I), prega cutânea subescapular (ZmPCS/I), perímetro braquial (ZmPB/I) e prega cutânea tricipital (ZmPCT/I). A avaliação da evolução dos parâmetros foi feita pela análise de variância e a comparação com a população geral normal pelo teste t não pareado, tanto no grupo total dos cardiopatas, quanto nos subgrupos com parâmetros pré-operatórios abaixo do patamar da normalidade (Zm<-2). Resultados: No grupo total não houve evolução significativa dos Zm de todos os parâmetros. O ZmP/I foi estatisticamente menor que da população normal até o 1º mês de seguimento (P=0,028); o ZmA/I, somente no pré operatório (P=0,044); o ZmPCS/I, no o 1º mês (P=0,015) e no 12º mês (P=0,038); o ZmPB/I e o ZmPCT/I sempre foram estatisticamente iguais ao da população geral. Nos pacientes com desenvolvimento abaixo do limiar da normalidade houve variação importante do ZmP/I (P=0,002), do ZmA/I (P=0,001) e ...


Objective: To evaluate the height and weight development of children with congenital heart disease undergoing surgery with the goal of determining when they reach the threshold of normal development and whether there are differences between patients with developmental pattern below the level of normality preoperatively (z-score<-2 for the analyzed parameter) in comparison to the total group of cardiac patients. Methods: We prospectively followed up 27 children undergoing operation into five time periods: preoperatively and at four subsequent outpatient appointments: 1st month, 3rd month, 6th month and 12th month after hospital discharge. The anthropometric parameters used were median z-score (MZ), weight (WAZ), height (HAZ), subscapular skinfold (SSFAZ), upper arm circumference (UAC) and triceps skinfold (TSFAZ). The evolution assessment of the parameters was performed by analysis of variance and comparison with the general normal population from unpaired t test, both in the total group of cardiac patients, and in subgroups with preoperative parameters below the normal level (Zm<-2). Results: In the total group there was no significant evolution of MZ of all parameters. WAZ was statistically lower than the normal population until the 1st month of follow-up (P=0.028); HAZ only preoperatively (P=0.044), SSFAZ in the first month (P=0.015) and at 12th month (P=0.038), UAC and TSFAZ were always statistically equal to the general population. In patients whose development was below the level of normality, there were important variation of WAZ (P=0.002), HAZ (P=0.001) and UAC (P=0.031) after the operation, and the WAZ was lower than the normal population until the 3rd month (P=0.015); HAZ and UAC, until the first month (P=0.024 and P=0.039 respectively), SSFAZ, up to the 12th month (P=0.005), the TSFAZ only preoperatively (P=0.011). Conclusion: The operation promoted the return to normalcy for those with heart disease in general ...


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Body Weight/physiology , Child Development/physiology , Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery , Weight Gain/physiology , Age Factors , Analysis of Variance , Anthropometry , Follow-Up Studies , Heart Defects, Congenital/rehabilitation , Postoperative Period , Preoperative Period , Prospective Studies , Reference Values , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
9.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 82(2): 153-159, abr.-jun. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-657952

ABSTRACT

La cardiología pediátrica es una subespecialidad que surgió de manera sistemática, al inicio del siglo XX. A lo largo del tiempo y a través de diversos métodos se han establecido diagnósticos, se ha ofrecido tratamiento farmacológico, intervencionista y quirúrgico y actualmente, se evalúan y analizan los resultados de dichos procedimientos. A través de los programas de rehabilitación cardiaca, se le enseña a conocer los límites seguros de su corazón en actividades de la vida diaria, brindando a los pequeños una mejor calidad de vida donde aprenderán a vivir con las limitaciones que la enfermedad trae consigo.


Pediatric Cardiology is a medical subspecialty that emerged in a systematic manner during the beginning of the 20th century. Throughout time, with the use of several methods we have been able to establish a series of diagnosis, offer surgical treatments and currently we evaluate and analyze the results of such proceedings. In the cardiac rehabilitation programs, children and adolescents are taught to identify the safety limits of their hearts, being able to relate them to their daily effort activities, providing them with a better quality of life and where they learn to live with the limitations that their illness implies.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Heart Defects, Congenital/rehabilitation , Contraception , Motor Activity , Sports
10.
Univ. odontol ; 30(64): 67-71, ene.-jun. 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-667734

ABSTRACT

En este artículo se reporta el caso de un paciente de 12 años de edad, con una cardiopatía congénita conocida como transposición de grandes vasos, quien se presenta a consulta en la Clínica de Odontopediatría de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Baja California en Mexicali, México, para quien se estableció un protocolo de atencióncon interconsulta con el médico cardiólogo que lo atendió, así como con especialistas en periodoncia y odontopediatría. Para prevenir la endocarditis bacteriana se recomendó la profilaxis antibiótica en cada cita, administrándole clindamicina (600 mg) dos horas antes del procedimiento dental y posteriormente una tableta cada ocho horas durante siete días.Localmente, en cada cita se le administró mepivacaína al 1% como anestésico local, para su tratamiento periodontal y dental. Normalmente, los pacientes cardiópatas con antecedenteshospitalarios requieren una atención especial del odontopediatra en el control de la conducta en cualquier tipo de tratamiento dental...


This article reports the case of a 12-year-old patient who suffered from a congenital heart disease known as transposition of the great vessels, and attended the pediatric dental careservice at the Baja California University Dental School in Mexicali, Mexico. Treatment was planned based on consultation with the cardiologist, the periodontist, and the pediatric dentist. To prevent the risk of bacterial endocarditis, 600 mg clindamycin 2 hours before the dental procedures and 1 tablet every 8 hours for seven days afterwards was prescribed.1% mepivacaine was used as local anesthetic to perform periodontal and dental therapy. Usually, heart patients with history of hospitalization require special behavior management by the pediatric dentist for any kind of dental treatment...


Subject(s)
Child , Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis , Heart Defects, Congenital/rehabilitation , Heart Defects, Congenital/therapy , Pediatric Dentistry , Antibiotic Prophylaxis/methods , Oral Medicine
12.
Online braz. j. nurs. (Online) ; 4(1): 20-25, abr. 2005. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-405055

ABSTRACT

Este estudo irá relatar o caso de uma criança portadora de cardiopatia congênita cianótica que compreende cuidados de enfermagem complexos e específicos. A prática diária numa unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica junto às crianças portadoras deste tipo de anomalia, exige uma equipe de enfermagem especializada e qualificada, que deve direcionar seus cuidados com um conhecimento técnico-científico. Para o interesse deste estudo, destacamos a atuação do enfermeiro pediátrico frente ao cuidado integrado e sistematizado no pós-operatório de um recém-nascido de baixo peso na correção da transposição das grandes artérias (TGA).


This study reports the case of a newborn with congenital heart disease (transposition of the great arteries[TGA]) demanding complex and specific treatment. In a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit(ICU), the daily practice with children having this category of anomalies demands a properly qualified nursing staff driving the care with technical and scientific knowledge. This study focus the pediatric nursing actions taken on the integrated treatment during postoperatory of a low-weight newborn submitted to corrective surgery.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant, Newborn , Nursing Care , Heart Defects, Congenital/nursing , Heart Defects, Congenital/rehabilitation , Postoperative Care/nursing , Pediatric Nursing , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric
13.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 20(1): 1-7, Jan.-Mar. 2005. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-413201

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Relatar os resultados imediatos e tardios da operação de Glenn bidirecional como segundo estágio do tratamento da Síndrome de Hipoplasia do Coração Esquerdo (SHCE) e descrever a técnica de miniesternotomia utilizada.Método: Entre março de 1998 e fevereiro de 2004, 15 pacientes com operação de Norwood prévia foram submetidos eletivamente à derivação cavopulmonar. As idades variaram de 2 a 6 meses (média 3,46 meses), sendo seis pacientes do sexo masculino. Foram realizadas miniesternotomias em 11(77,3 por cento)casos. Para adequada oxigenação sanguínea inicial foi associado enxerto sistêmico-pulmonar de 3 mm em nove casos e manutenção do enxerto VD-TP em um caso. Acompanhamento clínico e ecocardiográfico foi realizado em todos os pacientes.Resultados: A sobrevida hospitalar foi de 86,6 por cento, ocorrendo um óbito por sangramento e outro por hipóxia. O ecocardiograma imediato mostrava fluxo pelo enxerto de PTFE nos dez pacientes em que foi utilizado, ocorrendo seu fechamento no controle tardio. Ocorreram dois (13,3 por cento) óbitos tardios, um por complicação de traqueostomia e outro por meningite bacteriana. Sete pacientes aguardam o terceiro estágio, estando assintomáticos. Quatro foram submetidos ao terceiro estágio com sucesso. O ecocardiograma dos 11 pacientes sobreviventes tardios mostra boa função do ventrículo direito, sem insuficiência tricúspide e bom fluxo pela anastomose cavo-pulmonar, num seguimento médio de 2 anos e 5 meses.Conclusões: A operação de Glenn na SHCE apresenta baixa mortalidade hospitalar, com resultados satisfatórios em longo prazo, podendo ser realizada através de miniesternotomia. A associação de fluxo sistêmico-pulmonar acessório em crianças de baixa idade parece melhorar a saturação de oxigênio


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery , Heart Defects, Congenital/physiopathology , Heart Defects, Congenital/rehabilitation , Heart Bypass, Right/mortality , Heart Bypass, Right/rehabilitation , Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome/surgery , Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome/physiopathology
14.
16.
Actual. pediátr ; 1(2): 69-76, oct. 1991.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-190562

ABSTRACT

Todo paciente operado por cardiopatías congénitas (CPC) requiere cuidado en mayor o menor grado. La frecuencia y la intensidad de la monitorización clínica, tecnológica y paraclínica dependerá de la patología de base, del tipo de cirugía, de las complicaciones del estado postoperatorio (PO) del paciente y del tiempo transcurrido.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery , Heart Defects, Congenital/classification , Heart Defects, Congenital/complications , Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis , Heart Defects, Congenital/rehabilitation
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